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Actuator Technology

The joint module the field has been building around

Motor, gearbox, and force-torque sensor in one sealed unit. Real-time impedance control SDK included. Five joint sizes, one connector spec, one API surface.

The Problem

Teams lose 12–18 months before first locomotion test

Humanoid robot OEMs and university research labs building bipedal and quadrupedal platforms face a consistent hardware bottleneck before any meaningful locomotion work can begin.

Off-the-shelf industrial servo actuators deliver 30–50% lower torque density than humanoid joint requirements. They are not backdrivable at rated torque. They have no embedded force-torque sensing. Generic motion-control software has no built-in compliance or impedance control for bipedal dynamics.

The result: teams independently spend 12–18 months engineering custom actuator hardware before they can begin testing locomotion strategies. That timeline repeats across every new humanoid program, regardless of team experience or funding.

  • Off-the-shelf industrial actuators lack the backdrivability required for safe human-robot interaction scenarios
  • Generic motion-control software has no built-in compliance or impedance control for bipedal dynamics
  • Hardware-software integration consumes most of a robotics team's engineering time before first locomotion test
  • High torque density requirements at low weight force custom gearbox designs that delay prototyping by 6–12 months
How It Works

From hardware receipt to first locomotion test

The Tendonkindle module handles the full actuator stack — mechanical, sensing, and control — so your team focuses on robot behavior from day one.

Step 01 — Mount and Connect

Physical integration

Mount Tendonkindle joint actuator modules to your robot frame using the standard bracket interface. Connect via EtherCAT real-time fieldbus or CAN FD for distributed joint networks. Load module specifications into the motion SDK via URDF import — the same URDF you use for MuJoCo simulation.

Step 02 — Real-Time Control

Embedded sensing and compliance

The embedded force-torque sensor streams sub-millisecond joint state data to the real-time impedance controller. The controller computes compliant torque commands and applies them via the brushless motor and strain-wave gearbox. The motion SDK handles joint-space trajectory planning, soft-stop collision detection, and hardware abstraction for ROS 2 or custom control loops.

Step 03 — Deploy and Iterate

Verified hardware, sim-to-real pipeline

The robot arm or leg joint executes smooth, compliant trajectories with closed-loop force control. Engineers receive verified hardware datasheets, MuJoCo URDF exports with calibrated motor models for sim-to-real training, and policy deployment APIs for reinforcement learning locomotion using PyTorch or JAX frameworks.

Module Capabilities

Six capabilities, one hardware platform

Every feature described here is validated on the same Gen 1 hardware currently shipping to evaluation partners.

High-torque-density actuator module showing brushless motor and strain-wave gearbox in aerospace aluminum housing
01 / High-Torque-Density Module

Motor, gearbox, and housing as a single sealed unit — 40–60% higher torque-to-weight ratio

Each Tendonkindle joint module integrates a high-efficiency brushless motor with a custom strain-wave gearbox in a single aerospace-grade aluminum housing. The result is a torque-to-weight ratio 40–60% higher than comparable off-the-shelf servo modules at the same joint diameter. Sealed to IP54, the module handles the shock loads and orientation changes of bipedal and quadrupedal locomotion without added protection hardware.

Six-axis force-torque sensor embedded in joint module streaming sub-millisecond joint state data
02 / Embedded Force-Torque Sensing

Six-axis joint force-torque data at sub-millisecond latency, built into every module

A custom six-axis force-torque sensor is embedded in each joint module and streams state data over SPI at sub-millisecond latency — no external load cell or wrist sensor required. This enables closed-loop impedance and contact detection natively in the actuator, removing an entire class of external wiring and calibration complexity from robot integration.

Motion SDK Python API showing impedance control configuration with stiffness and damping parameters
03 / Impedance Control SDK

Real-time compliance, soft-stop, and trajectory primitives ready at first boot

The Tendonkindle motion SDK ships impedance and admittance control loops validated on production hardware. Engineers configure stiffness and damping parameters per joint, enable soft-stop boundaries for collision avoidance, and invoke joint-space trajectory primitives — all from a clean Python or C++ API. No re-implementing compliance from scratch on top of raw torque commands.

ROS 2 ros2_control plugin interface and MuJoCo URDF export workflow for hardware abstraction layer
04 / ROS 2 and Custom Loop Support

Works with any control stack via a clean hardware abstraction layer

The hardware abstraction layer exposes all joint state and command interfaces through a standard ROS 2 ros2_control plugin, with identical APIs available for teams running custom real-time loops. URDF definitions and motor model exports for MuJoCo are maintained alongside hardware revisions, so sim-to-real pipeline integrity is preserved across SDK updates.

Backdrivable strain-wave gearbox showing compliant torque mode activation at force threshold
05 / Backdrivable by Design

Compliance mode activates on over-force — safe for human proximity without software patches

Unlike traditional industrial gearboxes, the strain-wave reduction stage in every Tendonkindle module is backdrivable at rated torque. When the embedded force-torque sensor detects joint loading above a user-set threshold, the SDK automatically transitions into compliant torque mode — absorbing the overload without mechanical damage or abrupt stop events. This makes the platform suitable for human-proximity scenarios from day one.

Five joint module sizes from ankle to shoulder showing unified connector specification and power bus
06 / Modular Joint Sizing

Five joint variants — ankle to shoulder — on one unified connector and power bus

Tendonkindle ships five joint module sizes targeting ankle, knee, hip, shoulder, and elbow torque and angular-velocity envelopes. All five variants share the same connector specification, power bus voltage range, and SDK communication protocol. Engineers can build a full bipedal kinematic chain using a single cable harness standard and one set of SDK initialization calls — no per-joint integration effort.

Who This Is For

Built for teams building legged robots

Tendonkindle is designed for a specific class of engineering organization, not for general industrial automation.

Primary

Humanoid robotics teams and university research labs

Early-stage teams of 5–50 engineers building bipedal or quadrupedal platforms who need production-grade joint actuators without the 12-month custom hardware development cycle. US-based robotics startups and university labs (Carnegie Mellon, MIT, Stanford, CMU RI) building humanoid or legged platforms for locomotion research, human-robot interaction, or commercialization.

Secondary

Defense and aerospace programs — exoskeleton and teleoperation

Defense and aerospace prime contractors prototyping exoskeleton and teleoperation systems requiring compliant, backdrivable joint hardware. Programs where force-torque sensing, compliance, and human-proximity safety are design requirements, not afterthoughts. These programs typically operate on faster prototyping timelines than commercial humanoid and benefit from production-qualified actuator hardware available for hardware-in-loop evaluation.

Not For

Outside our scope

Large industrial automation OEMs needing high-volume commodity actuators for fixed-arm assembly lines. Consumer electronics companies needing micro-actuators below our torque-density envelope. Organizations outside the US requiring local hardware support and repair infrastructure. Teams at scale needing thousands of units — we are a pre-seed company with limited production capacity.

Integrations

Works with your existing control stack

Tendonkindle modules and the motion SDK integrate with the robotics toolchain your team already uses.

ROS 2 (ros2_control HAL) MuJoCo URDF + Motor Model Export PyTorch / JAX Policy Deployment API EtherCAT Real-Time Fieldbus CAN FD Distributed Joint Networks
Evaluation Program

Apply to receive Gen 1 evaluation hardware

Qualified robotics teams receive evaluation units with full SDK access, hardware datasheets, MuJoCo motor model exports, and hardware-in-loop engineering support.

Apply for Evaluation